Introduction to physics - The scientific approach - Physical quantities and their measurement units - Physical dimensions - Scalar and vector quantities - Vector components- Operations with vectors: sum, difference, scalar product.
Particle kinematics: Reference systems - Rectilinear motion : position, velocity and acceleration. Uniform rectilinear motion and uniformly accelerated motion.
Curvilinear motion: velocity and acceleration. Tangential and normal components of acceleration. Circular motion: centripetal acceleration, angular velocity and angular acceleration.
Particle dynamics: Newton's laws - Inertial and non intertial reference systems - Applications of Newton's laws: weight force, friction forces, reaction forces, elastic forces, apparent forces. Applications: centrifuge.
Work and energy: Work of a force - Power - Kinetic energy - Theorem of live forces - Conservative forces - Potential energy - Conservation of mechanical energy.
Ideal fluids: Density and pressure - Fluids in static conditions: the principle of Pascal, the law of hydrostatics, the principle of Archimedes. Surface tension and capillary effect. Applications: micro pipettes. Pressure gauges. Viscosity and friction force. Applications: sedimentation in test tubes and with the centrifuge.
Fluids in dynamic conditions: flow rate and continuity equation. Bernoulli equation and applications. Motion in a viscous regime. Applications: suction and recirculation pumps in the suction hoods.
Thermology and Thermodynamics: Temperature - Thermometric scales. State of a thermodynamic system - Equation of state of ideal gases - Kinetic-molecular theory and definition of temperature - Thermal expansion, thermal capacity and specific heats - Heat transfer - Work - Cycles - First principle and the second principle of Thermodynamics. Applications: General characteristics of a thermometer. Thermometric scales, thermometers, thermostats, refrigerators and ULT freezers.
Electrostatics and electrodynamics: Electric charge. Coulomb's law. The electric field. Electrical potential and potential difference. Electrostatic capacity and capacitors. Applications: Electrophoresis.
The electric current. Electrical resistance and Ohm's law. Resistivity. Joule effect and elelctrical power. Applications: resistance thermometers, thermistors, thermocouples. RC circuits and leakage currents: safety of laboratory instruments.
The magnetic field, force generated on a wire crossed by current, the Biot-Savart law, the Ampere law. Force produced by two parallel currents. Lorentz force. Induction and Faraday-Lenz's law. Applications: the mass spectrometer. Applications: chromatography. Geometric optics: reflection - Refraction: Snell's law - Thin lenses and lens equation - Lens builders equation. Applications: magnifying glass, the optical microscope; blood cells counter.
Wave nature of light and matter: electromagnetic waves - light intensity. Huygens principle - interference - diffraction - resolution of the optical microscope - De Brogli hypothesis - Applications: the electron microscope.
Notes on the structure of the atom and on the phenomena of absorption and emission of electromagnetic radiation. Applications: spectrophotometer and coagulometer; capillary electrophoresis.
