"G. d'Annunzio"
Knowledge of Anatomy and Basic Physiology.
The course aims to enable students to know the normal functioning of the different organs and systems of the human body and to integrate functions and processes into a coherent framework. Students will be able to assess the adaptive significance of homeostatic adjustments in response to conditions of the variability of the environment outside or inside the organism, understood in its holistic meaning of mind and body.
Introduction to Physiology; Musculoskeletal system; Blood, Hematopoiesis and Immunity; Cardiovascular System; Respiratory System; Urinary System; Digestive system; Endocrine system; Adaptation to an extraordinary environment.
Introduction to Physiology Homeostasis as the foundation of physiology and homeostatic regulation systems. Musculoskeletal system The different types of muscle fibres. Structure and types of skeletal muscle. Functional organization of the muscle and excitation-contraction-release cycle. Smooth muscle function and functional adaptations. Blood, Hematopoiesis and Immunity Blood components. Haemostasis. Blood functions. Blood coagulation. Immunity and Allergy. Cardiovascular System Structure of the heart. Excitability, Automatism, Rhythmicity and their nervous and hormonal adjustments. Cardiac mechanical activity. Cycle and cardiac output. Arterial pressure. Nervous and hormonal regulation of the heart. Cardiovascular adaptation to exercise and emotions. Respiratory System Composition of atmospheric and alveolar air. Structure and function of the respiratory system. Ventilation: lung volumes, capacity and compliance. Gas exchange: gas mixing between air and alveoli and alveolar-capillary gas exchange. Pulmonary circulation. Ventilation / perfusion ratio. Respiratory effects of physical activity and emotions. Breath in psychosomatic medicine. Urinary System Structures of the Urinary System. The kidneys and their main functions. Regulation of water and electrolyte balance. Regulation of acid-base balance. The endocrine function of the kidney (renin and regulation of arterial pressure - erythropoietin and erythropoiesis). The Urination. Digestive system Metabolism and regulation of food and water intake. Gastrointestinal Motility Gastrointestinal secretions. Digestion and absorption of nutrients and water. Liver and its functions. Endocrine system General principles and function of the endocrine system. Regulation of the endocrine system. The hypothalamic-pituitary functional unit. Thyroid. Parathormone and Calcitonin. Endocrine pancreas. Adrenal medulla: adrenaline and noradrenaline. Adrenal Stress - Adaptation. The male and female reproductive system. Adaptation to an Extraordinary Environment.
Verratti Vittore. Fisiologia le Basi. EDIZIONIA.L.E..
Edi-ermes. Elementi di Fisiologia. Piccin.
Zocchi L. Principi di Fisiologia. EdiSES
(Textbook choice is at the discretion of the student).
Theoretical/practical Frontal Lessons and Laboratory
Oral examination. Written Examination "Optional" if requested in a motivated manner.
Insights: During the course, theoretical/practical lessons will be carried out with measurement of physiological variables in order to acquire a greater degree of knowledge of some experimental aspects of homeostatic and adaptive physiological mechanisms. Consistently with the exhaustive development of the topics in the program, in transitu verifications will be carried out, aimed at ascertaining the degree of preparation of the student and useful in planning any clarifications and in-depth studies to be carried out during the course for the achievement of the set educational objectives
