PRINCIPLES OF PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OF BLOOD AND HEMOPOIETIC ORGANS
Pathophysiology of hematopoiesis, blood count parameters.
Pathophysiological mechanisms of polycythemias and anemias.
Pathophysiological definition and classification of anemias:
- Blood loss anemias (acute and chronic).
- Anemias due to increased destruction: membrane defect (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, spherocytosis, elliptocytosis), enzyme deficiency (G6PD deficiency, Pyruvate kinase), hemoglobinopathies (thalassemias, sickle cell disease), immunology (erythroblastosis, transfusion reactions, warm Ab, cold agglutinins), non-immunology (mechanical trauma, infections, chemical damage, drugs).
- Anemia due to insufficient production of erythrocytes
- Deficiency anemia (iron deficiency, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies).
Mechanisms of adaptation to the anemic state: cardiocirculatory compensation, erythropoietic recovery
Quantitative and qualitative defects of white blood cells. Definition and pathogenetic mechanisms of leukocytosis, leukopenias and leukopathies.
PRINCIPLES OF PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OF HEMOSTASIS AND COAGULATION
Pathophysiology of platelets. The numerical and functional alterations of platelets.
Pathophysiology of the blood coagulation process. The molecular pathology of congenital coagulopathies. Acquired coagulopathies. Molecular pathology of hemophilias. Pathogenesis of arterial and venous thrombi.
The main bleeding diseases: von Willebrand's disease, Wiskott Aldrich syndrome.